Leadership, like love is difficult to define.
Both mean many different things to many different people. Let me offer
a working definition of leadership that will guide the reader in this exploration
of the dynamics of leadership development. By "working definition" I mean
that this is not a conclusive definition. It's a definition in its developmental
stages. It is also important to note that leadership is defined not only
by what it is, but also by what it does. As a matter of fact, one can say
that leadership is both action and being. Having said that let's then say
that: leadership empowers, motivates, and organizes people to achieve a
common objective, and provides moral guidance. It is a service to the people
and a vision for the future. It is also very important to note, that as
we discuss what leadership is, we must also take into consideration what
leadership is not.
Leadership is "the behavior
of an individual directing the activities of a group toward a shared goal."
(Hemphill & Coons, 1957)
Leadership is "the influential
increment over and above mechanical compliance with the routine directives
of the organization." (Katz & Kahn, 1978)
Leadership is "the process
of influencing the activities of an organized one group toward goal achievement."
(Rauch & Behling, 1984)
The study of leadership has
a long and somewhat troubled history. Early definitions of which leaders
or leadership behavior could be identified. In a review of leadership literature,
Stogdill (Handbook of leadership, 1974) suggests 11 perspectives. Leadership
may be defined as:
-
A function of group process.
-
Personality or effects of personality.
-
The art of inducing compliance.
-
The exercise of influence.
-
A form of persuasion.
-
A set of acts or behaviors.
-
A power relationship.
-
An instrument of goal achievement.
-
An effect of interaction.
-
A differentiated role.
-
The initiation of structure.
Back to Front Page